In Part I of this post, I raised the concern that many young autistic people can become dependent on their parents or support systems, and that many young autistic people aren’t being expected to succeed in adulthood. As a result, they are unprepared for the adult transition. In Part I, I recommended that we should do more to prepare young people for the demands of adulthood in the years before they pass that magical dividing line and become adults. In…
Last week, I was unpleasantly startled to read in a Spectrum News article that the latest draft of the International Classification of Diseases, the ICD-11, excludes differences in sensory processing from its list of autism symptoms. I thought we were over this. The ICD-11’s counterpart, the DSM-5, now includes sensory symptoms. I still grumble a little that they’re just lumped as a single symptom under the general category of restricted and repetitive behaviours, but I’m at least happy that they’re…
It’s been a whole ten days since my last criticism of the mainstream schools, so I think it’s about time I got back to it. As I argued earlier, this is an extremely important issue – where someone spends their days for the duration of their school career is going to have a bigger influence than any limited, short-duration set of intervention sessions. The sensory demands of the mainstream schools are one of the biggest challenges they impose on us. …
I think there are about three major strategies that people have used to justify violence and oppression in human societies: threat, disgust, and disablement.[1] Threat is a pretty straightforward one. We take a group of people and construct them as threatening Others (with a capital “O”): people who are not like us and who are threatening to us. We come to believe that those Other people are violent, dangerous, and savage. Whenever we feel that we are threatened by some…
I usually keep a pretty close eye on the autism news, and it seems like a day can hardly go by without me seeing some new, hysterical reference to the rising rates of autism diagnosis. It’s an epidemic, we’re told. It’s a crisis, we’re told. I not only find it tiresome to hear this idea repeated endlessly, but I’m also concerned that this sort of fearmongering is dangerous. It’s true I have some biases here. All communities want to imagine…
For a long time, the story about intense interests in autism has been a negative one. We viewed autism as pathology, and so naturally, anything about autism had to be bad. Intense interests were associated with autism; therefore, intense interests were bad. Of course, we tried to find explanations, to find justifications. Autistic kids need to get out and learn social skills, and they can’t do that if they’re pursuing an intense interest, we reasoned. Autistic kids need to get…
Have I ever mentioned that “typically-developing” mice are disgusting? They’re always spending their time going around “anogenitally sniffing” each other. Horribly unhygienic. Look, mouse models of autism have problems at the behavioural level. Just how are you going to equate the behaviour of this relatively simple creature with that of humans? I mean, humans have language, elaborate ways of nonverbally signalling our intentions, and even things like social institutions and societies. Mice have anogenital sniffing, which is apparently good for…
For a long time, I was part of a theatre group for autistic people. I joined when I was 13 and I remained part of the group in some capacity or other for a total of ten years (although for the final year I was only irregularly attending meetings as a substitute instructor). I suppose it’s fairly obvious I wouldn’t have stayed for such a long period – indeed, from the beginning of my teenage years until I was finishing…
Today, I’ll be continuing my assault on the idea that everybody should be forced to attend all-inclusive mainstream schools with a sixth post on the subject. We’ve already heard how autistic students in the mainstream can be bullied and isolated. Furthermore, I’ve argued that the mainstream does little to help us learn social skills and instead probably delays social learning. We’ve also discussed how educational placement decisions are made and we’ve discussed why all of this is so critically important….
The Neurodiversity Paradigm In Part I of this post, we discussed how the pathology paradigm (Walker, 2013) is failing under the weight of the anomalies that beset it. We concluded that it was time to find a new paradigm. The emerging rival to the pathology paradigm is the neurodiversity paradigm. Judy Singer (1998/2016), who is generally accepted to have coined the term “neurodiversity,” asked: “Why not appropriate metaphors based on biodiversity, for instance, to advance the causes of people with…